By the end of the century, it vied with Moscow for supremacy in Russia. As the area was hardly accessible for Tatar raids, there was a great influx of population from the recently devastated south.

Four of them were killed by the Golden Horde and were proclaimed saints by the Russian Orthodox church.įormerly a land of woods and bogs, the Principality of Tver was quickly transformed into one of the richest and most populous Russian states. In 1246, Alexander Nevsky granted it to his younger brother Yaroslav Yaroslavich (d. 1271), from whom a dynasty of local princes descended. Originally a minor settlement of Novgorodian traders, it passed to the Grand Prince of Vladimir in 1209. The name of the city is of Finnish origin, Tiheverä. Tver's foundation year is officially accepted to be 1135, although there is no universal agreement on this date and some estimates place it as late as the second half of the 13th century. The city is where three rivers meet, splitting the town into northern and southern parts by the Volga River, and divided again into quarters by the Tvertsa River, which splits the left (northern) bank into east and west halves, and the Tmaka River which does the same along the southern bank.

The city was known as Kalinin (Russian: Кали́нин, tr. It is situated at the confluence of the Volga and Tvertsa Rivers. Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in the Russian Empire, with a population of 60,000 on 14 January 1913. It is 180 kilometres (110 mi) northwest of Moscow.

Tver', IPA: ) is a city and the administrative centre of Tver Oblast, Russia.

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